Naučni članak
Uticaj fizičke aktivnosti na profil lipida seruma i glikemije i rizik za razvoj ateroskleroze u adolescenata
Aranđelović D. (1), Marjanović B.(1), Bokonjić J.(1), Grujić-Ilić G.(2),
Vujović V.(1), Milenković S.(3), Conić N.(1), Aleksić B.(4)
(1) Dom zdravlja "Dr Simo Milošević", Beograd;
(2) Dom zdravlja "Niš", Niš;
(3) KBC "Zemun", Beograd;
(4) Dom zdravlja "Stari grad", Beograd
Sažetak
Polaznu osnovu za rad predstavljaju dve ?injenice - da je ateroskleroza proces koji počinje u ranom detinjstvu sa hiperlipoproteinemijom kao ključnim etiopatogenetskim činiocem i da fizička neaktivnost predstavlja jedan od značajnih faktora rizika za razvoj ateroskleroze i njenih posledica. Cilj rada je utvrđivanje uticaja stepena fizičke aktivnosti na profil lipida seruma i glikemije i rizik za razvoj ateroskleroze u adolescenata. Ispitano je 419 učenika uzrasta 14 godina uključenih u JUSAD studiju (Jugoslovenska studija prekursora ateroskleroze). Deci su određene vrednosti: glikemije (GL), ukupnog holesterola (TC), triglicerida, HDL holesterola i izračunate vrednosti LDL holesterola, indeksa ateroskleroze (IA=LDL-C/HDL-C) i faktora rizika za razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti (FR=TC/HDL-C). Svi ispitanici su podeljeni prema stepenu fizičke aktivnosti u četiri grupe (I grupa-fizički neaktivni, II i III grupa- rekreativci i IV grupa- sportisti) i prema polu. Dobijeni podaci su statistički obrađeni (Studentov t test). Vrednosti ukupnog holesterola, LDL holesterola, IA I FR su statistički značajno niže u dečaka aktivnih sportista u odnosu na fizički neaktivne. Trigliceridi su niži u sportista oba pola a za HDL-C niju utvrđena statistički značajna razlika. Glikemija je niža u devojčica, aktivnih sportista u odnosu na fizički neaktivne. Zaključili smo da samo aktivno bavljenje sportom kod mladih adolescenata pretežno muškog pola, značajno snižava većinu lipidnih frakcija seruma, kao i indeks ateroskleroze i faktor rizika za razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti (IA i FR).
Ključne reči: fizička aktivnost, lipidi seruma i glikemija, ateroskleroza, adolescenti
The influence of physical activity on serum lipid and glucose profile and
the risk of development of atherosclerosis in adolescents
Abstract
The starting point for this study rests on two facts - that the process of atherosclerosis begins in early childhood with hyperlipoproteinemia as the leading etiopathogenetic factor, and that physical inactivity is an important risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis and its consequences. The objective of this study was to analize the influence of the physical activity level on serum lipid and glucose profile and to determine the risk of the development of atherosclerosis in adolescents. 419 adolescents aged 14 have been examined and the results included in the YUSAD study (Yugoslav Study of Precursors to Atherosclerosis). The following values were measured: blood glucose level (GL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), atherosclerosis index (IA=LDL-C/HDL-C) and the risk factor in developing cardiovascular deseases (FR=TC/HDL-C). Participants in the study were divided into four groups according to their physical activity level (1st group - the physically inactive, 2nd and 3rd groups - those who are doing sports for recreation, 4th group - sports persons) and according to gender. All thus obtained data were statistically processed (Student's t test). The values of total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, IA and FR were significantly lower in trained boys than in the inactive ones. Serum triglycerides were lower in both boys and girls sportists than in their non-sportist peers; there was no statistically significant difference in HDL-C serum level between the groups. Blood glucose concentration was lower in regularly training girls than in the non-training ones. In conclusion, it is only active engagement in sports activities that significantly lowers most of the serum lipide values, and this occurs mostly in boys.
Key words: physical activity, serum lipide and glucose, atherosclerosis, adolescents
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